Saturday, August 17, 2013

KORB



 
Thanks Eric R Kuhne
MUSIC & DANCE BECOME SPATIAL ... in these transformations into sculpture. "When the fluid movements of dance are transformed into digital sculptures, the results are mesmerizing. JL Design TV with the help of KORB has made a documentary for CCTV Documentary Channel that follows the organic beauty and emotion of dance and turns it into solid materials like steel, wood, and glass. Seeing the trails of each gesture frozen in time is incredible."

Respect Science..!


Respect Science..!
Change has awful 5 phases.. to accept..
Gaza had crossed all, Sudan @ the 4th, Syria @ the 3rd, Tunisia @ the 1st,
Egypt has only reached the 2nd..
So, why the fuzz..??
The worst still to come..!!


 Beware and Ready>> Learn from others>> or Live it all..!


Civilized world had gone through the same.. It is inevitable to grow up.. Same as to master driving, you shall have at least one accident to maturely drive.. Come down to reality..
Only 60 years ago, 30 million needed to end WWII, 5 million for Korea, V
ietnam and Balkan.. Millions more to end colonization era.. Unaccounted numbers to reform politics and social systems across Europe, Asia and Americas.. yet, a billion still homeless, desperate, hungry and illiterate..
Everything comes with a cost.. Especially Maturity..
The true shock that societies are proven too immature and incompetent to rule themselves..
So grow up and act positively on rationales and notions for sustainable reform..
Understand the reality.. Science never lies..!


The graph tells that everything will decline..
Decision making down to food stamps
Forget about the Leadership curve.. You don't have..
Interpret the Managerial one.. the everyday life..!!
Go, perform focused prayers and make sincere dauaa's..
Regardless religion, language or location..


Adding to this; magnitude and value of change process is not related to number of causalities or burnt assets; but the destruction, forced alterations or imposed novel to existing Estate..
Only Estate counts, nothing else..
A bit Chauvinism, a bit Machiavellism.. yet, realities..
c'est la vie..!

Saturday, August 10, 2013

US in Egyptian Swamp..

Despite my reservations on the overall vision and mission of this institution, the article is great to shade lots of lights on confusing Egyptian, and Middle Eastern course of events and politics..
Just carefully read...

 

On their current trip to Cairo, Senators John McCain (R-Ariz.) and Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.), two of President Barack Obama's most persistent critics on everything in foreign policy from Syria to Benghazi, have found common cause with him at last.

All three fear that the anti-American (and generally anti-human) Muslim Brotherhood (MB), whom they mistakenly see as "moderate," will disappear from the halls of power in Egypt, our most important Arab ally. They also evidently worry that the MB's leading figures, such as now-deposed (and arrested) President Mohamed Morsi—who had awarded himself powers greater than any previous ruler in Egypt's history—will not be free to plot a return to power in an ancient nation that he had nearly destroyed in only one year.

Echoing earlier White House warnings, the two senior senators suggested that we may cut off our $1.6 billion in annual (mainly military) aid, the very tie that binds our countries together, as it has for more than thirty preciously peaceful years. Not to comply with their demands, McCain and Graham said August 6, would be—as Graham put it--a "huge mistake."

The White House, McCain and Graham have warned that the aid may be cut if the MB's leaders are not freed from detention—they have been under arrest since President Mohammed Morsi was overthrown July 3 by the military in response to the historically huge popular demonstrations at the end of June. (Morsi has since been charged for having been part of a 2011 prison break alleged to have been carried out by Hamas.)

They further demand that the MB be brought into the new transitional government of technocrats appointed by the quietly charismatic (and mysteriously Islamist, but apparently independent) strongman minister of defense, General Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi--who had himself been appointed by Morsi. That new government, headed by Adly Mansour (a Supreme Constitutional Court justice) as interim president and respected economist Dr. Hazem Beblawi as prime minister, claims it has reached out to the MB, which refuses to respond to its overtures. Meanwhile, the Islamists are gathered in two major squares in Cairo, waiting for the security forces to clear them away—and for the chance to be martyred when they do.

In response to McCain and Graham's warnings, Mansour denounced what he called "unacceptable interference in internal politics." In this, even a nation infamous for its political xenophobia can be forgiven for seeing a not-so hidden hand attempting to steer the ship of state.

But by blundering this way, Obama, McCain and Graham are joining the departing U.S. ambassador in Cairo, Anne Patterson—widely mocked (with gross inaccuracy) as a hayzaboon, or old crone, for reportedly hectoring Egyptians not to rise up against the elected government (which had turned itself into an Islamist dictatorship)—on a list of new Ugly Americans. She unfortunately gave this advice shortly before the largest demonstrations ever seen in human memory were directed against her suspected client, Morsi. (Reflecting heightened paranoia, her possible successor, Ambassador Robert Ford—who had previously served in Algeria, Bahrain, Iraq and Syria—is under considerable Twitter fire in Egypt, bizarrely accused of having caused the strife that has recently plagued those countries.)

And by going this route, Obama, McCain and Graham are risking one of America's most crucial alliances. They would do so for a not-so-beautiful friendship with a far from benign band of brothers that actually wants to conquer and rule the world (not just the Middle East) in a revived Islamic caliphate. (It is the same risk that Obama took when, after brief vacillation, he abruptly dumped our country's long-term "friend," Hosni Mubarak, in 2011, knowing that Islamists like the MB would likely be the only force capable of winning many votes in the new "democracy.")

The Brother's goals are hardly secret, despite eight decades of adroit, religiously-sanctioned lying, or taqiyya about their intentions. But they were elected, and so, it is said, we ought to support them. Then again, the U.S. cut off aid when Hamas, the MB's Palestinian branch, won parliamentary elections in 2006--because they refused to renounce terrorism, recognize the State of Israel, and accept agreements that the previous government had signed.

The MB undoubtedly believes that to get what it wants in the short-term—to halt the flow of American cash and equipment to its enemies in the military--is to continue to boycott the bogus "reconciliation" process. (Already, Obama has suspended the scheduled shipment of four F-16s last month, in a move that angered millions of Egyptians.)

If an aid stoppage should last, that could lead to the collapse of the transitional government and Morsi's reinstatement as president—the MB's irreducible demand. Hence they have resisted the senators' calls to dialogue with the new regime. There is no obvious reason for the Brotherhood to change this strategy.

The estimated eight-to-twelve billion dollars quickly coughed up by Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates to cover emergency imports of diesel fuel and wheat and to rebuild depleted hard-currency reserves are surely crucial for now. But if the military—Egypt's most prestigious institution and itself a pillar of the economy—should have nowhere else to go, Russia and China are always waiting in the wings, and would love to have a presence on both the Nile and Suez.

Refusing to recognize that popular will can mean more than just elections, America's "huge mistake" begins. Given that the ratio of MB opponents to supporters is now perhaps seven-to-one, added to the resentment that most Egyptians feel against any effort to tie vital aid to the tyrannical MB, and the wildly-popular al-Sisi's own fury at the Brotherhood for pushing him (and most Egyptians) into such a place, it is likely Morsi's side that will fail.

And with it, our own.
Raymond Stock, a Shillman-Ginsburg Writing Fellow at the Middle East Forum and a former Assistant Professor of Arabic and Middle East Studies at Drew University, spent twenty years in Egypt, and was deported by the Mubarak regime in 2010.

http://www.meforum.org/3576/egypt-obama-mccain-graham

Friday, August 9, 2013

فشل وعقم المجتمع المدني

 
برغم المأساة ، لكن يجب ألا نغفل عن البرهان فيها على فشل وعقم المجتمع المدني ، بكافة فئاته ممن امتهنوا الحروف وليس التطبيقات ، بالتأكيد الفشل الرسمي لا تعقيب عليه ، انسجاماً مع كيفما كنتم تولى عليكم ، ولكن الاصلاح يتأتي من داخل البيوت والأحواش وجلسات الونسة ، فقد تبين أن كافة الفنيين والمهندسين والاختصاصيين والمدراء وهلما جراً ، ليس لأي منهم المقدرة الفنية أو الشجاعة الأدبية على البناء المعرفي أو المهني
 
ليس البشير وديوانه من خططوا القري والمدن لتتواجد في مجاري السيول ، وليسوا هم من يديرون الصيانة الروتينية للمجاري ، وليسوا هم من يضعون مواصفات البناء الرديئة ، وليسوا هم من يقرأون الأرصاد ويصدرون الانذارات ، وليسوا هم من يبعون ضمائرهم وشرفهم المهني لقاء دراهم معدودات .. ليس البشير وأعوانه علماء أو مهنيين أو فنيين ، بل مجرد جامعي أموال وسلطة ، وبالتأكيد يهمهم استقرار الأمور وديمومتها ، وليس أن تغرق البلاد والعباد لكي يستنزفوا أموالاً للاغاثة ، أو يضجروا بما يكفي للثورة والانقلاب
 
يجب أن نعود للقراءة الصحيحة لنظريات الحكم والعقد المدني وسلوكيات العامة والخاصة ، يجب أن نقرأ التاريخ الواقع المقارن بموضوعية
يجب أن نقرأ الأمور بمفراداتها ومعانيها الحقيقية ، وليس من خلال خيالات وأوهام البحث عن بطولة أو دور أو رضا عن النفس
 
الأمر يمتد ليشمل كافة المتحدثين بلغة الضاد ، ممن لم يعرفوا القراءة أبداً ، فلعلهم لايزالوا قادرون على السمع ، بعد أن طُمست غالب البصيرة
 
 
لقد قنع الناس بقبول الردئ والمعيب والقاصر ، لم يعد هناك أي حس بالصواب والمنطق والنسق ، وكما ينسكب هذا على المباني والمفروشات والأطعمة والملبوسات ، فهو يمتد كذلك إلى الفهم والتبريرات والمفاهيم
ليس من امتلك سبيل للصحافة والندوات والمظاهرات ، أو تعرض للاستجواب والاعتقال والتهديد ، يتفرد بالجدارة بأن يُسمع أو يُتمثل أو يتردد ، فالكثير من هؤلاء يصعدون ثم يتلاشون مثل غازات البالون
هناك حوجة لنهضة الوعي والمنطق البسيط ، ليس من أجل فهم نظريات السياسة والحوكمة ، ولكن لقبول الصحيح البسيط من القول والفعل والحرف ، يجب أن تتطور الثقافة الشعبية بما يكفي لولادة أجيال قادرة على التمييز ، وليس همها التفرد والتميز في المأكل والمشرب والملبس والترفية والسياحة والزواج والقنوات الفضائية
التطور الاجتماعي يبدأ داخل البيوت والأحواش وغرف النوم ، وليس في دوواين الحكم وقاعات الدرس ومعسكرات الجيش
ألم يأتي الآوان لكي نفيق ، ونكتفي من البكاء والعويل والنهيق
 
Despite the tragedy, we must not lose obvious proof on failure and infertility of the civil society.. Across all affiliates who master talking rather than doing.. Certainly; there is no comment upon the failed government, in line with whatever you are; you’re ruled.. Reform starts at households and social gatherings.. Current tragedies had shown how all technicians, engineers, specialists and managers have no technical or moral courage to build knowledge or professionalism

Al-Bashir and his office did not plan villages and cities to reside in the floodplain.. They did not administer maintenance of storm water system.. They did not draft the inadequate construction specifications.. They did not read meteorological indicators to issue warnings.. They did not sell their personal honor and professional integrity for moneys..
Al-Bashir and his office are not scientists, professionals or technicians, but just money and power grabbers.. Certainly; they are interested in stability and sustainability, not sinking the country and the people, otherwise; they have to fund relief works, and comfort the people not to be further frustrated to revolute or coup

People must go back to the correct reading of theories of governance, civil contract and public and private behavior.. People should objectively read the comparative reality and history.. They must read both components and attributes of  the real sense, rather than those fantasies and illusions, in order to find a starring role, or self-satisfaction

This extends to all Arabic speakers, who never knew correct reading, maybe they are able to hear, as often been obliterated from visual or insight

People accept the bad, the defective and the deformed.. There is no longer any sense of righteous, logic and adequate.. This mark buildings, furnishings, food and clothing, as well as common understanding, processing justifications and intellectual concepts

Not who has lobby for the press, seminars or demonstrations, or been subjected to interrogation, detention or threats, are the unique ones to be heard, model or refer to, as many of those quickly board, then quickly vanish alike gases of a balloon

There is a need for the renaissance of awareness and simple logic, not in order to understand theories of politics and governance, but to accept the correct simple word, deed and crafts.. The public culture must evolve enough to give birth to new generations, cable to truly distinguish, not  for fake unique food, drink, clothing, entertainment, tourism, weddings or satellite access.. The social development starts within households, family courts and bedrooms.. Not at public offices, classrooms and army barracks
The time comes to wake, and suffice weeping, wailing and bray
 

Putin on Minority Rights

 
On February 4th, 2013, Vladimir Putin, the Russian president, addressed the Duma, (Russian Parliament), and gave a speech about the tensions with minorities in Russia:

 "In Russia live Russians. Any minority, from anywhere, if it wants to live  in Russia, to work and eat in Russia, should speak Russian, and should respect the Russian laws. If they prefer Sharia Law, then we advise them to go to those places where that's the state law. Russia does not need  minorities. Minorities need Russia, and we will not grant them special privileges, or try to change our laws to fit their desires, no matter how loud they yell 'discrimination'. We better learn from the suicides of America, England, Holland and France, if we are to survive as a nation. The Russian customs and traditions are not compatible with the lack of culture or the primitive ways of most minorities. When this honorable legislative body thinks of creating new laws, it should have in mind the national interest first, observing that the minorities are not Russians."

The politicians in the Duma gave Putin a five minute standing ovation. 
 

Humanoid Love..!!


Robot Programmed to Fall in Love with a Girl Goes too Far

Researchers at Toshiba’s Akimu Robotic Research Institute were thrilled ten months ago when they successfully programmed Kenji, a third generation humanoid robot, to convincingly emulate certain human emotions. At the time, they even claimed that Kenji was capable of the robot equivalent of love. Now, however, they fear that his programming has taken an extreme turn for the worst.
“Initially, we were thrilled to see a bit of our soul come alive in this so called ‘machine,’” said Dr. Akito Takahashi, the principal investigator on the project. “This was really the final step for us in one of the fundamentals of the singularity.”

Kenji was part of an experiment involving several robots loaded with custom software designed to let them react emotionally to external stimuli. After some limited environmental conditioning, Kenji first demonstrated love by bonding with a stuffed doll in his enclosure, which he would embrace for hours at a time. He would then make simple, but insistent, inquiries about the doll if it were out of sight. Researchers attributed this behavior to his programmed qualities of devotion and empathy and called the experiment a success.

What they didn’t count on were the effects of several months of self-iteration within the complex machine-learning code which gave Kenji his initial tenderness. As of last week, Kenji’s love for the doll, and indeed anybody he sets his ‘eyes’ on, is so intense that Dr. Takahashi and his team now fear to show him to outsiders.

The trouble all started when a young female intern began to spend several hours each day with Kenji, testing his systems and loading new software routines. When it came time to leave one evening, however, Kenji refused to let her out of his lab enclosure and used his bulky mechanical body to block her exit and hug her repeatedly. The intern was only able to escape after she had frantically phoned two senior staff members to come and temporarily de-activate Kenji.
“Despite our initial enthusiasm, it has become clear that Kenji’s impulses and behavior are not entirely rational or genuine,” conceded Dr. Takahashi.

Ever since that incident, each time Kenji is re-activated, he instantaneously bonds with the first technician to meet his gaze and rushes to embrace them with his two 100kg hydraulic arms. It doesn’t help that Kenji uses only pre-recorded dog and cat noises to communicate and is able to vocalize his love through a 20 watt speaker in his chest.

Dr. Takahashi admits that they will more than likely have to decommission Kenji permanently, but he’s optimistic about one day succeeding where Kenji failed.

“This is only a minor setback. I have full faith that we will one day live side by side with, and eventually love and be loved by, robots,” he said.

http://realitypod.com/2010/10/robot-programmed-to-fall-in-love-with-a-girl-goes-too-far/

Thursday, August 8, 2013

You should date an illiterate girl..!


Date a girl who doesn't read. Find her in the weary squalor of a Midwestern bar. Find her in the smoke, drunken sweat, and varicolored light of an upscale nightclub. Wherever you find her, find her smiling. Make sure that it lingers when the people that are talking to her look away. Engage her with unsentimental trivialities. Use pick-up lines and laugh inwardly. Take her outside when the night overstays its welcome. Ignore the palpable weight of fatigue. Kiss her in the rain under the weak glow of a streetlamp because you’ve seen it in a film. Remark at its lack of significance. Take her to your apartment. Dispatch with making love. Fuck her.

Let the anxious contract you've unwittingly written evolve slowly and uncomfortably into a relationship. Find shared interests and common ground like sushi and folk music. Build an impenetrable bastion upon that ground. Make it sacred. Retreat into it every time the air gets stale or the evenings too long. Talk about nothing of significance. Do little thinking. Let the months pass unnoticed. Ask her to move in. Let her decorate. Get into fights about inconsequential things like how the fucking shower curtain needs to be closed so that it doesn't fucking collect mold. Let a year pass unnoticed. Begin to notice.

Figure that you should probably get married because you will have wasted a lot of time otherwise. Take her to dinner on the forty-fifth floor at a restaurant far beyond your means. Make sure there is a beautiful view of the city. Sheepishly ask a waiter to bring her a glass of champagne with a modest ring in it. When she notices, propose to her with all of the enthusiasm and sincerity you can muster. Do not be overly concerned if you feel your heart leap through a pane of sheet glass. For that matter, do not be overly concerned if you cannot feel it at all. If there is applause, let it stagnate. If she cries, smile as if you’ve never been happier. If she doesn't, smile all the same.

Let the years pass unnoticed. Get a career, not a job. Buy a house. Have two striking children. Try to raise them well. Fail frequently. Lapse into a bored indifference. Lapse into an indifferent sadness. Have a mid-life crisis. Grow old. Wonder at your lack of achievement. Feel sometimes contented, but mostly vacant and ethereal. Feel, during walks, as if you might never return or as if you might blow away on the wind. Contract a terminal illness. Die, but only after you observe that the girl who didn't read never made your heart oscillate with any significant passion, that no one will write the story of your lives, and that she will die, too, with only a mild and tempered regret that nothing ever came of her capacity to love.

Do those things, god damnit, because nothing sucks worse than a girl who reads. Do it, I say, because a life in purgatory is better than a life in hell. Do it, because a girl who reads possesses a vocabulary that can describe that amorphous discontent of a life unfulfilled—a vocabulary that parses the innate beauty of the world and makes it an accessible necessity instead of an alien wonder. A girl who reads lays claim to a vocabulary that distinguishes between the specious and soulless rhetoric of someone who cannot love her, and the inarticulate desperation of someone who loves her too much. A vocabulary, goddamnit, that makes my vacuous sophistry a cheap trick.

Do it, because a girl who reads understands syntax. Literature has taught her that moments of tenderness come in sporadic but knowable intervals. A girl who reads knows that life is not planar; she knows, and rightly demands, that the ebb comes along with the flow of disappointment. A girl who has read up on her syntax senses the irregular pauses—the hesitation of breath—endemic to a lie. A girl who reads perceives the difference between a parenthetical moment of anger and the entrenched habits of someone whose bitter cynicism will run on, run on well past any point of reason, or purpose, run on far after she has packed a suitcase and said a reluctant goodbye and she has decided that I am an ellipsis and not a period and run on and run on. Syntax that knows the rhythm and cadence of a life well lived.

Date a girl who doesn't read because the girl who reads knows the importance of plot. She can trace out the demarcations of a prologue and the sharp ridges of a climax. She feels them in her skin. The girl who reads will be patient with an intermission and expedite a denouement. But of all things, the girl who reads knows most the ineluctable significance of an end. She is comfortable with them. She has bid farewell to a thousand heroes with only a twinge of sadness.

Don’t date a girl who reads because girls who read are storytellers. You with the Joyce, you with the Nabokov, you with the Woolf. You there in the library, on the platform of the metro, you in the corner of the café, you in the window of your room. You, who make my life so goddamned difficult. The girl who reads has spun out the account of her life and it is bursting with meaning. She insists that her narratives are rich, her supporting cast colorful, and her typeface bold. You, the girl who reads, make me want to be everything that I am not. But I am weak and I will fail you, because you have dreamed, properly, of someone who is better than I am. You will not accept the life of which I spoke at the beginning of this piece. You will accept nothing less than passion, and perfection, and a life worthy of being told. So out with you, girl who reads. Take the next southbound train and take your Hemingway with you. Or, perhaps, stay and save my life.


Charles Warnke
https://plus.google.com/115694824859958653129/posts/KPncnrEN3x7

Friday, August 2, 2013

سودانّـا


 
Published on Aug 2, 2013
سودانّأ يحكي قصة جيل من الشباب و الشابات السودانيات الذين تربوا في عالم ملئ بالزخم والتغييرات المتسارعة التي ضاعت في خضمها أحلام الأجيال الأكبر منهم سناً ان عرض (سودانّـا) يقدم منظوراً جديداً ، يحتفي بالسودان الواعد ، و ينادي الشباب لـ"يحلموا أحلاماً جديدة ، أحلام جيلنا"

بناءً على محادثة تم تقديمها خلال مؤتمر تيدأكس الخرطوم 2012
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jIe_Vc...
بنفس العنوان "سودانّا" لإلهام جيل الشباب السوداني بالتفكير مليّاً حول أنفسهم ومستقبلهم ، ليفكروا بصورة مختلفة ... ليؤمنوا بأن "المستقبل ليس حول ما سيحدث ، بل ما يمكنهم تحقيقه ، وأنه خيارهم لتحديد ما سيكون عليه المستقبل"
 
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Siddis of India

 
Published Date:   Saturday, Jul 27, 2013
As a part of monthly seminar series, GRFDT organized a talk on “African Diaspora in India: A Socio-Political Journey” on 27 July 2013 at CSSS, JNU. Speaker Dr. Manish Karmwar, Faculty in the Department of History, Shyam Lal College(Eve.), University of Delhi gave an overview about the history of African migration to the Indian sub-continent since 6th century. India had first trade relation with the Arabs followed by Portuguese, through whom Africans came into contact with India and they came to India along with Arab traders. He mentioned that Africans who are now profoundly assimilated in India, constitute a very diverse community of traders, soldiers and workers at various levels.
 
Dr. karmwar  elaborated that  there were two African kingdoms, namely Janjira and Sachin. In the Janjira and Sachin kingdoms,  Africans rose from king-makers to Emperors. Historically African diaspora has been associated with various roles. There are traces of African’s role in socio-political and military life during the period of Delhi Sultanate, Nizamshahi, Adilshahi, Qutbshahi, Imadshahi, Mughal India and also in Hyderabad till India’s independence. The Africans, who arrived in Hyderabad, Deccan, apart from playing their traditional role as bonded guards and servants, were also recruited as the Nizam’s private bodyguard. The Siddi Risala (African Regiment) was retained until 1948. Other Siddis were elevated to the status of Khanazahs (proteges) and became trusted advisers of the Nizams.
 
Geographical Spread
African diaspora are widely spread out in India, especially in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Daman and Diu, Goa and Andhra Pradesh. Numerically, they are  in large number in Gujarat,  hence, one can  find them as socially cohesive and preserving  the  African culture in Gujarat, as compared to other states,  where they have become  very much assimilated.
 
Role in Dynasty                                                                                                              
Africans have played an important role in  India’s  different dynasties. The first Habshi, of whom there is a historical record, was probably Jamal al-Din Yaqut, royal courtier in the kingdom of Delhi, in the north of the sub-continent. Some of the Africans who rose to the positions of considerable importance were: Malik Kafur, Malik Amber, Malik Sarwar, Mubarak Shah, etc. Their role in the history of India is significant. The Afro-Indian dynasties of Sachin and Janjira are a reminder of the influence that Afro-Indians wielded in parts of India. While this glory was not to remain forever, the cultural contributions made by Africans are still alive, particularly in music and dance.
 
Issue of Marginalisation
Unlike many other diasporas or the African diaspora elsewhere, African diasporas in India are still marginalized. Why are they not economically uplifted? Dr. Karmwar  explained that there are only few thousands rich among Siddis, most of whom came to India as traders. Those who came as slave and low skilled workers,  remain marginalized. Dr. Karmwar also mentioned that there are affirmative policies to include them under Schedule Castes and Schedule Tribes, and to provide  safeguards to them. . However, these measures  are less effective for their upliftment  as the social and cultural distinctions kept  them  outside the larger social benefits. Unlike the Indian diaspora
,who became economically upward
,in the second and the third generation
s, the African diaspora in India remain marginalized/unempowered.  Dr. Karmwar concluded that there is a need for collective effort by them as well as by state to uplift themselves.
 
The talk was followed by interactive session, where questions relating to marginality, social mobility and  policy issues to empower the African diaspora were raised.  Suggestions were made to conduct more research on this issue as there are dearth of literature.